English Tenses

      Kata Kerja adalah bagian inti dari Tenses Bahasa Inggris. Kata kerja atau Verb pada rumus-rumus Tenses di blog ini, Kata kerja atau Verb ini sering saya singkat V saja. Jadi kalau V+ing artinya sama dengan Verb+ing, sering juga saya tulis sebagai “Ving” saja agar mudah. Kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris ada banyak bentuknya: V1, V2, V3, Ving.

      Kata Kerja bentuk 1 atau saya singkat V1, yaitu kata kerja dasar, seperti: drink, go, write, read, participate, learn, study, dan sebagainya. Ada kata kerja bentuk ke 2, sering saya singkat V2. Kata kerja bentuk 3 ya V3. Serta Kata Kerja bentuk ING atau saya singkat Ving. Bagaimana cara menggunakan bentuk-bentuk kata kerja tersebut? Ada di masing-masing pelajaran Tenses Bahasa Inggris.

Perubahan Bentuk Kata Kerja

      Perubahan bentuk Kata Kerja bentuk 1 (V1) ke bentuk kedua (V2) dan bentuk ke 3 (V2) ada yang beraturan (ada rumusnya) dan ada juga yang tidak beraturan (tidak ada rumusnya). Wah memamg inilah yang membuat bahasa Inggris ini menjadi rumit bagi kita orang Indonesia, haha.

•  Kata Kerja Beraturan (Regular Verb):

        Walaupun ada aturannya tetapi aturan perubahan tersebut masih ada beberapa. Daftar kata kerja beraturan ini pun panjang sekali. Saya sarankan Anda mempunyai buku Grammar Bahasa Inggris walaupun yang kecil dan sederhana, biasanya ada di sana. Memang Anda mau menulsinya disini satu per satu? Hehehee..

• Kata Kerja TIDAK Beraturan (Irregular Verb):

        Misalnya kata kerja “drink” berturut-turut untuk bentuk ke 1 sampai 3: drink-drank-drunk. Satu contoh lain lagi: break-broke-broken

---Masih ingat V1, V2, V3 dan Ving? Jangan lupa apa itu artinya ya, karena akan sering dipergunakan dalam setiap  tenses bahasa inggris---

      Baiklah.. sekarang mari kita masuk ke Tenses.. Apa itu tenses? tenses ialah kata kerja dalam bahasa inggris, dengan menggunakan tenses, kita dapat mengetahui waktu/kejadian yang dimaksudkan dari suatu perkataan. 

      Secara garis besar, tenses dibagi menjadi 3, yaitu masa lampau, masa sekarang, dan masa yang akan datang. Atau dalam bahasa inggris nya : Past tense, Present tense dan Continous tense.

1. Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang)

• Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana)

Example :

+ } Sisca Reads book everyday
- } Sisca does not Read book everyday
? } does Sisca Read book everyday

Yes He does / No He does not (doesn’t)

For I, We, You, They = do

He, She, It = Does

Contoh kalimat :

(+) She is a new people here.
(+) He plays football every morning
(-) She isn’t a new people here.
(-) He not playing football every morning.
(?) Is she a new people here?
(?) How playing football every morning?

• Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang) 

 

 Yes They are / no they are not

For I = am

They, we, you = are

He, She, It = Is

Contoh dalam kalimat :
(+) He is playing badminton now
(-) He isn’t playing badminton now.
(?) Is he playing badminton now.
+ } They are playing badmintoon now
– } They are not playing badmintoon now
? } Are they palaying badmintoon now ?

• Present Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang)

 Contoh :

(+) you have eaten mine.
(-) she has not been to Rome
(?) have you finished?

• Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang) 

Contoh :

(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.
(+) We have been riding a horse for three days
(-) She hasn’t been going to Malang since evening.
(-) We haven’t been riding a horse for three days.
(?) Has she been going to Malang ?
(?) Have He been riding a horse for three days ?

2. Past Tense (Waktu Lampau)

• Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana) 

For I, He, She, It = Was
They, we, you = were
Example :

+} We were at school yesterday
-} We were not at school yesterday
?} were we at school yesterday ?
(+) I saw a good film last night
(+) He came here last month
(-) I saw not a good film last night
(-) He came not last month
(?) Saw I a good film last night
(?) Came He here last month

• Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau)

 Contoh :
(+) He was watching television all afternoon last week
(+) They were talking about sport when I met him
(-) He wasn’t watching television all afternoon last week
(-) They weren’t talking about sport when I met him
(?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week
(?) Were they talking about sport when I met him

• Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau) 

 

Contoh :

(+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle
(+) The ship had left before I arrived
(-) When my brother arrived , I hadn’t painted my motor cycle
(-) The ship hadn’t left before I arrived
(?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ?
(?) Had the ship left before I arrived?

• Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau)

Contoh :
(+) They had been living there for two month
(+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton
(-) They hadn’t been living there for two month
(-) When they washed my dress , your father hadn’t been playing badminton
(?) Had they been living there for two month?
(?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?

3. Future Tense (Akan Datang)

• Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana)

Contoh :
(+) I will visit to yogyakarta tomorrow.
(+) he will met girl friend by seven o’clock
(?) Will he go to America next month?
(+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?

•  Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang)

Contoh :(+) I will be writing a comic.
(+) I will be studying tomorrow night.
(-) I will not writing a comic.
(-) I will not be studying tomorrow night.
(?) Will I be writing a comic ?
(?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ? 

• Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang)

Contoh :
(+) I will have finished by 10am.
(+) You will have forgotten me by then.
(-) She will not have gone to school.
(-) We will not have left.
(?) Will you have arrived?
(?) Will they have received it?

• Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang)

Contoh :(+) I will have been reading a news paper.
(+) He will have been listening music.
(-) I will haven’t been reading a news paper.
(-) He will haven’t listening a music.
(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?
(?) Will He have listening a music ?